1. Descriptions
Here in this topic, we'll focus on the routing table
of zebra and some detailes internal routing table. And we'll also
illustrate how the zebra communicating with the linux kernel.
I always think that the routing software is the most
sophisticated technology and the routing codes is the most elegant and
trick codes.
2. Routing Framework Details
We know that zebra is a multi-process based tool and
it includes several routing protocol process --- ospfd, ospf6d, ripd,
ripngd etc.
Each routing protocol process has its own routing
table, but they can not communicate with linux kernel directly. These
routing protocol process can commnunicate with zebra --- the
main(control) process directly through linux IPC --- UNIX socket. And
the zebra process is responsible for communicating with the linux
kernel and exchanging the routing informations with the kernel FIB
table.
2.1 How communicate with linux kernel
Zebra can communicate with linux kernel through ioctl, kernel socket and netlink, here we prefer to NETLINK.
The NETLINK related functions are almost defined in rt_netlinkd.c and the most important functions are :
kernel_init()
kernel_read()
netlink_parse_info()
netlink_information_fetch()
The data exchanging functions are defined in zebra_rib.c and they are :
rib_install_kernel()
rib_uninstall_kernel()
2.2 Prefix Utility Operation Functions
The handling of prefix is very important, and almost all the prefix operations are defined in prefix.c.
Almost all the functions in prefix.c are utility
functions used to convert the sting to prefix or prefix to string.
2.3 The Routing Table Of Zebra
VRF_VECTOR
------------------------------
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index[][]
index[][]
--------------------------- ------------------------------
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table[][] stable
table stable[][]
--------------
----------------
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route node
route node
---------------------------
--------------------------------
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RIB
static_ipv4/static_ipv6
--------------
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next hop
We can see that the 'vrf_vector' is the 'root' of
the whole routing table in zebra. And the 'index' pointer of the
vrf_vector points to each routing table --- vrf_table.
Each vrf_table has two tables --- table[][] and
stable[][]. 'stable' is used by configure the static routing and
'table' is used by RIB.
The routing table is a little difficult, and we'll
describe it more detailedly latter.
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