(转)ETBA--PHI阶段的hazard分析技术

The Energy Trace and Barrier Analysis is a professional-level procedure intended to detect hazards by focusing in detail on the presence of energy in a system and the barriers for controlling that energy. Use the Energy Trace and Barrier Analysis Tool (ETBA) when you need to detect potential energy within a well-known but complex system, such as acquisition of new weapon systems. The types of energy assessed include:

• Electrical Energy
• Kinetic Energy (moving mass, such as a vehicle, a machine part, a bullet)
• Potential Energy (non-moving mass, such as a heavy object suspended overhead)
• Chemical Energy (explosives, corrosive material)
• Noise and Vibration
• Thermal (heat)
• Radiation (Nonionizing, such as microwaves, and ionizing, such as nuclear radiation and X-rays)
• Pressure (air, water)

The five basic steps in the ETBA are:

1. Identify the types of energy present in a system.
2. Locate the energy origin and trace the flow.
3. Identify and evaluate barriers (mechanisms to confine the energy, for example, electrical energy is usually moved in wires with an insulated covering).
4. Determine the risk (the potential for hazardous energy to escape control and cause significfant damage).
5. Develop improved controls and implement as appropriate.

When you evaluate the effectiveness of barriers and controls, you need to understand the function, location, and features of each barrier. While you examine these features, determine how the energy sources and potential victims might come together, and decide what is required to keep them separated.