linux下通过pxe安装系统

步骤为：

配置dhcp服务器

配置tftp服务器

配置nfs服务器

配置boot文件

1、配置dhcp

通过自带rpm包安装，然后vi /etc/dhcpd.conf

#
# DHCP Server Configuration file.
#   see /usr/share/doc/dhcp*/dhcpd.conf.sample
#
ddns-update-style interim;
ignore client-updates;
option space PXE;
option PXE.mtftp-ip               code 1 = ip-address;
option PXE.mtftp-cport            code 2 = unsigned integer 16;
option PXE.mtftp-sport            code 3 = unsigned integer 16;
option PXE.mtftp-tmout            code 4 = unsigned integer 8;
option PXE.mtftp-delay            code 5 = unsigned integer 8;
option PXE.discovery-control      code 6 = unsigned integer 8;
option PXE.discovery-mcast-addr   code 7 = ip-address;
class "pxeclients" {
    match if substring (option vendor-class-identifier, 0, 9) = "PXEClient";
    option vendor-class-identifier "PXEClient";
    vendor-option-space PXE;
    # At least one of the vendor-specific PXE options must be set in
    # order for the client boot ROMs to realize that we are a PXE-compliant
    # server.  We set the MCAST IP address to 0.0.0.0 to tell the boot ROM
    # that we can't provide multicast TFTP (address 0.0.0.0 means no
    # address).
    option PXE.mtftp-ip 0.0.0.0;
    # This is the name of the file the boot ROMs should download.
    filename "pxelinux.0";
    # This is the name of the server they should get it from.
    next-server 192.168.1.99;
}
subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

# --- default gateway
        option routers                  192.168.1.1;
        option subnet-mask              255.255.255.0;

 #       option nis-domain               "domain.org";
        option domain-name              "domain.org";
        option domain-name-servers      61.139.2.69;

        option time-offset              -18000; # Eastern Standard Time
#       option ntp-servers              192.168.1.1;
#       option netbios-name-servers     192.168.1.1;
# --- Selects point-to-point node (default is hybrid). Don't change this unless
# -- you understand Netbios very well
#       option netbios-node-type 2;

        range dynamic-bootp 192.168.1.10 192.168.1.30;
        default-lease-time 21600;
        max-lease-time 43200;
        # we want the nameserver to appear at a fixed address
        host ns {
            #    next-server marvin.redhat.com;

 

             hardware ethernet 00:0C:29:54:03:D2;
                fixed-address 192.168.1.99;
        }
        host linux {
                hardware ethernet 00:0C:29:EA:04:FC;
                 fixed-address 192.168.1.22;
        }
}

 

 

 

2、配置tftp

使用自带的rpm包安装xinetd和tftp,然后vi /etc/xinetd.d/tftp

 

# default: off
# description: The tftp server serves files using the trivial file transfer \
#       protocol.  The tftp protocol is often used to boot diskless \
#       workstations, download configuration files to network-aware printers, \
#       and to start the installation process for some operating systems.
service tftp
{
        socket_type             = dgram
        protocol                = udp
        wait                    = yes
        user                    = root
        server                  = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd
        server_args             = -u nobody -s /tftpboot
        disable                 = no
        per_source              = 11
        cps                     = 100 2
        flags                   = IPv4
}

 

3、配置nfs

一般有，vi /etc/exports

/media/cdrom *(ro,sync)

4、启动配置的服务

service dhcpd start

service xinetd start

service nfs start

 

5、配置boot启动镜像

 

将启动光盘的/media/cdrom/isolinux下所有文件复制到/tftpboot下

将/usr/lib/syslinux/pxelinux.0复制到/tftpboot下

创建目录pxelinux.cfg

将isolinux.cfg移动到pxelinux.cfg目录下名称为default

 

6、检测各个服务是否启动

（1）dhcpd

端口udp 67应该打开了

使用windows检测

（2）tftp

本机 tftp localhost

tftp>get 文件

 

windows： tftp ip get 文件

（3）nfs

exportsfs -av

 

ok，远程使用pxe启动后，一切安装就按照nfs方式安装就好了。