概述:
查看/dev/input/eventX是什么类型的事件, cat /proc/bus/input/devices
设备有着自己特殊的按键键码,我需要将一些标准的按键,比如0-9,X-Z等模拟成标准按键,比如KEY_0,KEY-Z等,所以需要用到按键模拟,具体方法就是操作/dev/input/event1文件,向它写入个input_event结构体就可以模拟按键的输入了。
input_event 说明:
linux/input.h中有定义,这个文件还定义了标准按键的编码等
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struct input_event {
-
-
struct timeval time; //按键时间
-
-
__u16 type; //类型,在下面有定义
-
-
__u16 code; //要模拟成什么按键
-
-
__s32 value;//是按下还是释放
-
-
};
code:
事件的代码.如果事件的类型代码是EV_KEY,该代码code为设备键盘代码.代码植0~127为键盘上的按键代码,0x110~0x116 为鼠标上按键代码,其中0x110(BTN_
LEFT)为鼠标左键,0x111(BTN_RIGHT)为鼠标右键,0x112(BTN_ MIDDLE)为鼠标中键.其它代码含义请参看include/linux/input.h文件. 如果事件的类型代码是EV_REL,code值表示轨迹的类型.如指示鼠标的X轴方向REL_X(代码为0x00),指示鼠标的Y轴方向REL_Y(代码为0x01),指示鼠标中轮子方向REL_WHEEL(代码为0x08).
type:
EV_KEY,键盘
EV_REL,相对坐标
EV_ABS,绝对坐标
value:
事件的值.如果事件的类型代码是EV_KEY,当按键按下时值为1,松开时值为0; 如果事件的类型代码是EV_ REL,value的正数值和负数值分别代表两个不同方向的值.
/*
* Event
types
*/
#define
EV_SYN 0x00
#define EV_KEY 0x01 //按键
#define
EV_REL 0x02 //相对坐标(轨迹球)
#define
EV_ABS 0x03 //绝对坐标
#define
EV_MSC 0x04 //其他
#define
EV_SW 0x05
#define
EV_LED 0x11 //LED
#define EV_SND
0x12//声音
#define
EV_REP 0x14//repeat
#define
EV_FF 0x15
#define
EV_PWR 0x16
#define EV_FF_STATUS 0x17
#define EV_MAX 0x1f
#define EV_CNT (EV_MAX+1)
kernel里input模块
-
//input_dev结构:
-
struct input_dev
-
{
-
void *private;
-
-
const char *name;
-
const char *phys;
-
const char *uniq;
-
struct input_id id;
-
-
/*
-
* 根据各种输入信号的类型来建立类型为unsigned long 的数组,
-
* 数组的每1bit代表一种信号类型,
-
* 内核中会对其进行置位或清位操作来表示时间的发生和被处理.
-
*/
-
-
unsigned long evbit[NBITS(EV_MAX)];
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unsigned long keybit[NBITS(KEY_MAX)];
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unsigned long relbit[NBITS(REL_MAX)];
-
unsigned long absbit[NBITS(ABS_MAX)];
-
unsigned long mscbit[NBITS(MSC_MAX)];
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unsigned long ledbit[NBITS(LED_MAX)];
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unsigned long sndbit[NBITS(SND_MAX)];
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unsigned long ffbit[NBITS(FF_MAX)];
-
unsigned long swbit[NBITS(SW_MAX)];
-
-
.........................................
-
};
-
-
/**
-
* input_set_capability - mark device as capable of a certain event
-
* @dev: device that is capable of emitting or accepting event
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* @type: type of the event (EV_KEY, EV_REL, etc...)
-
* @code: event code
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*
-
* In addition to setting up corresponding bit in appropriate capability
-
* bitmap the function also adjusts dev->evbit.
-
*/
-
-
/* 记录本设备对于哪些事件感兴趣(对其进行处理)*/
-
void input_set_capability(struct input_dev *dev, unsigned int type, unsigned int code)
-
{
-
switch (type)
-
{
-
case EV_KEY:
-
__set_bit(code, dev->keybit);//比如按键,应该对哪些键值的按键进行处理(对于其它按键不予理睬)
-
break;
-
-
case EV_REL:
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__set_bit(code, dev->relbit);
-
break;
-
-
case EV_ABS:
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__set_bit(code, dev->absbit);
-
break;
-
-
case EV_MSC:
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__set_bit(code, dev->mscbit);
-
break;
-
-
case EV_SW:
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__set_bit(code, dev->swbit);
-
break;
-
-
case EV_LED:
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__set_bit(code, dev->ledbit);
-
break;
-
-
case EV_SND:
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__set_bit(code, dev->sndbit);
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break;
-
-
case EV_FF:
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__set_bit(code, dev->ffbit);
-
break;
-
-
default:
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printk(KERN_ERR
-
"input_set_capability: unknown type %u (code %u)\n",
-
type, code);
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dump_stack();
-
return;
-
}
-
-
__set_bit(type, dev->evbit);//感觉和前面重复了(前面一经配置过一次了)
-
}
-
EXPORT_SYMBOL(input_set_capability);
-
-
static irqreturn_t gpio_keys_isr(int irq, void *dev_id)
-
{
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int i;
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struct platform_device *pdev = dev_id;
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struct gpio_keys_platform_data *pdata = pdev->dev.platform_data;
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struct input_dev *input = platform_get_drvdata(pdev);
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-
for (i = 0; i < pdata->nbuttons; i++)
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{
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struct gpio_keys_button *button = &pdata->buttons[i];
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int gpio = button->gpio;
-
-
if (irq == gpio_to_irq(gpio)) //判断哪个键被按了?
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{
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unsigned int type = button->type ? : EV_KEY;
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int state = (gpio_get_value(gpio) ? 1 : 0) ^ button->active_low;//记录按键状态
-
-
input_event(input, type, button->code, !!state);//汇报输入事件
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input_sync(input);//等待输入事件处理完成
-
}
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}
-
-
return IRQ_HANDLED;
-
}
-
-
-
/*
-
* input_event() - report new input event
-
* @dev: device that generated the event
-
* @type: type of the event
-
* @code: event code
-
* @value: value of the event
-
*
-
* This function should be used by drivers implementing various input devices
-
* See also input_inject_event()
-
*/
-
void input_event(struct input_dev *dev, unsigned int type, unsigned int code, int value)
-
{
-
struct input_handle *handle;
-
-
if (type > EV_MAX || !test_bit(type, dev->evbit))//首先判断该事件类型是否有效且为该设备所接受
-
return;
-
-
add_input_randomness(type, code, value);
-
-
switch (type)
-
{
-
-
case EV_SYN:
-
switch (code)
-
{
-
case SYN_CONFIG:
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if (dev->event)
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dev->event(dev, type, code, value);
-
break;
-
-
case SYN_REPORT:
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if (dev->sync)
-
return;
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dev->sync = 1;
-
break;
-
}
-
break;
-
-
case EV_KEY:
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/*
-
* 这里需要满足几个条件:
-
* 1: 键值有效(不超出定义的键值的有效范围)
-
* 2: 键值为设备所能接受(属于该设备所拥有的键值范围)
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* 3: 按键状态改变了
-
*/
-
-
if (code > KEY_MAX || !test_bit(code, dev->keybit) || !!test_bit(code, dev->key) == value)
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return;
-
-
if (value == 2)
-
break;
-
-
change_bit(code, dev->key);//改变对应按键的状态
-
-
/* 如果你希望按键未释放的时候不断汇报按键事件的话需要以下这个(在简单的gpio_keys驱动中不需要这个,暂时不去分析) */
-
if (test_bit(EV_REP, dev->evbit) && dev->rep[REP_PERIOD] && dev->rep[REP_DELAY] && dev->timer.data && value)
-
{
-
dev->repeat_key = code;
-
mod_timer(&dev->timer, jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(dev->rep[REP_DELAY]));
-
}
-
-
break;
-
........................................................
-
-
if (type != EV_SYN)
-
dev->sync = 0;
-
-
if (dev->grab)
-
dev->grab->handler->event(dev->grab, type, code, value);
-
else
-
/*
-
* 循环调用所有处理该设备的handle(event,mouse,ts,joy等),
-
* 如果有进程打开了这些handle(进行读写),则调用其对应的event接口向气汇报该输入事件.
-
*/
-
list_for_each_entry(handle, &dev->h_list, d_node)
-
if (handle->open)
-
handle->handler->event(handle, type, code, value);
-
}
-
}
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EXPORT_SYMBOL(input_event);
-
-
-
//event层对于input层报告的这个键盘输入事件的处理:
-
//drivers / input / evdev.c:
-
-
static struct input_handler evdev_handler =
-
{
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.event = evdev_event,
-
.connect = evdev_connect,
-
.disconnect = evdev_disconnect,
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.fops = &evdev_fops,
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.minor = EVDEV_MINOR_BASE,
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.name = "evdev",
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.id_table = evdev_ids,
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};
Linux 有自己的 input 子系统,可以统一管理鼠标和键盘事件。基于输入子系统 实现的 uinput 可以方便的在用户空间模拟鼠标和键盘事件。
当然,也可以自己造轮子, 做一个字符设备接收用户输入,根据输入,投递 input 事件。
还有一种方式就是直接 往 evnent 里写入数据, 都可以达到控制鼠标键盘的功能。
本篇文章就是演示直接写入 event 的方法。
1。模拟按键输入
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//其中0表示释放,1按键按下,2表示一直按下
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//0 for EV_KEY for release, 1 for keypress and 2 for autorepeat.
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-
void simulate_key(int fd, int value)
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{
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struct input_event event;
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event.type = EV_KEY;
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//event.code = KEY_0;//要模拟成什么按键
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event.value = value;//是按下还是释放按键或者重复
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gettimeofday(&event.time, 0);
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if(write(fd, &event, sizeof(event)) < 0)
-
{
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dprintk("simulate key error~~~\n");
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return ;
-
}
-
}
2。模拟鼠标输入(轨迹球)
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void simulate_mouse(int fd, char buf[4])
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{
-
int rel_x, rel_y;
-
static struct input_event event, ev;
-
-
//buf[0],buf[2],小于0则为左移,大于0则为右移
-
//buf[1],buf[3],小于0则为下移,大于0则为上移
-
-
dprintk("MOUSE TOUCH: x1=%d,y1=%d,x2=%d,y2=%d\n", buf[0], buf[1], buf[2], buf[3]);
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rel_x = (buf[0] + buf[2]) / 2;
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rel_y = -(buf[1] + buf[3]) / 2; //和我们的鼠标是相反的方向,所以取反
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event.type = EV_REL;
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event.code = REL_X;
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event.value = rel_x;
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gettimeofday(&event.time, 0);
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if( write(fd, &event, sizeof(event)) != sizeof(event))
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dprintk("rel_x error~~~:%s\n", strerror(errno));
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event.code = REL_Y;
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event.value = rel_y;
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gettimeofday(&event.time, 0);
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if( write(fd, &event, sizeof(event)) != sizeof(event))
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dprintk("rel_y error~~~:%s\n", strerror(errno));
-
-
//一定要刷新空的
-
write(fd, &ev, sizeof(ev));
-
}
鼠标和键盘文件打开方法:
-
int fd_kbd; // /dev/input/event1
-
int fd_mouse; //dev/input/mouse2
-
-
fd_kbd = open("/dev/input/event1", O_RDWR);
-
-
if(fd_kbd <= 0)
-
{
-
printf("error open keyboard:%s\n", strerror(errno));
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return -1;
-
}
-
-
fd_mouse = open("/dev/input/event3", O_RDWR); //如果不行的话,那试试/dev/input/mice
-
if(fd_mouse <= 0)
-
{
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printf("error open mouse:%s\n", strerror(errno));
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return -2;
-
}
/dev/input/mice是鼠标的抽象,代表的是鼠标,也许是/dev/input/mouse,/dev/input/mouse1,或者空,这个文件一直会存在。这里你也许会问,我怎么知道/dev/input/eventX这些事件到底是什么事件阿,是鼠标还是键盘或者别的,eventX代表的是所有输入设备(input核心)的事件,比如按键按下,或者鼠标移动,或者游戏遥控器等等,在系统查看的方法是 cat /proc/bus/input/devices 就可以看到每个eventX是什么设备的事件了。
下面是一个模拟鼠标和键盘输入的例子:
关于这里 open 哪个 event , 可以通过 cat /proc/bus/input/devices
-
#include <string.h>
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#include <stdio.h>
-
#include <sys/types.h>
-
#include <sys/stat.h>
-
#include <fcntl.h>
-
#include <linux/input.h>
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#include <linux/uinput.h>
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#include <stdio.h>
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#include <sys/time.h>
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#include <sys/types.h>
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#include <unistd.h>
-
-
void simulate_key(int fd, int kval)
-
{
-
struct input_event event;
-
event.type = EV_KEY;
-
event.value = 1;
-
event.code = kval;
-
gettimeofday(&event.time, 0);
-
write(fd, &event, sizeof(event)) ;
-
event.type = EV_SYN;
-
event.code = SYN_REPORT;
-
event.value = 0;
-
write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
-
-
memset(&event, 0, sizeof(event));
-
gettimeofday(&event.time, NULL);
-
event.type = EV_KEY;
-
event.code = kval;
-
event.value = 0;
-
write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
-
event.type = EV_SYN;
-
event.code = SYN_REPORT;
-
event.value = 0;
-
write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
-
}
-
-
void simulate_mouse(int fd)
-
{
-
struct input_event event;
-
memset(&event, 0, sizeof(event));
-
gettimeofday(&event.time, NULL);
-
event.type = EV_REL;
-
event.code = REL_X;
-
event.value = 10;
-
write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
-
event.type = EV_REL;
-
event.code = REL_Y;
-
event.value = 10;
-
write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
-
event.type = EV_SYN;
-
event.code = SYN_REPORT;
-
event.value = 0;
-
write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
-
}
-
-
int main()
-
{
-
int fd_kbd;
-
int fd_mouse;
-
fd_kbd = open("/dev/input/event1", O_RDWR);
-
if(fd_kbd <= 0)
-
{
-
printf("error open keyboard:\n");
-
return -1;
-
}
-
fd_mouse = open("/dev/input/event2", O_RDWR);
-
if(fd_mouse <= 0)
-
{
-
printf("error open mouse\n");
-
return -2;
-
}
-
int i = 0;
-
for(i = 0; i < 10; i++)
-
{
-
simulate_key(fd_kbd, KEY_A + i);
-
simulate_mouse(fd_mouse);
-
sleep(1);
-
}
-
close(fd_kbd);
-
}
下面是一个读取 鼠标和键盘事件的例子:
-
#include <stdio.h>
-
#include <stdlib.h>
-
#include <linux/input.h>
-
#include <sys/types.h>
-
#include <sys/stat.h>
-
#include <fcntl.h>
-
#include <unistd.h>
-
#include <errno.h>
-
-
static void show_event(struct input_event* event)
-
{
-
printf("%d %d %d\n", event->type, event->code, event->value);
-
return;
-
}
-
-
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
-
{
-
struct input_event event = {{0}, 0};
-
const char* file_name = argc == 2 ? argv[1] : "/dev/input/event2";
-
int fd = open(file_name, O_RDWR);
-
-
if(fd > 0)
-
{
-
while(1)
-
{
-
int ret = read(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
-
if(ret == sizeof(event))
-
{
-
show_event(&event);
-
}
-
else
-
{
-
break;
-
}
-
}
-
close(fd);
-
}
-
return 0;
-
}
很多人对于 如何模拟 CTRL + SPACE 感兴趣, 下面也给个例子,呵呵。
-
void simulate_ctrl_space(int fd)
-
{
-
struct input_event event;
-
//先发送一个 CTRL 按下去的事件。
-
event.type = EV_KEY;
-
event.value = 1;
-
event.code = KEY_LEFTCTRL;
-
gettimeofday(&event.time, 0);
-
write(fd, &event, sizeof(event)) ;
-
event.type = EV_SYN;
-
event.code = SYN_REPORT;
-
event.value = 0;
-
write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
-
//先发送一个 SPACE 按下去的事件。
-
event.type = EV_KEY;
-
event.value = 1;
-
event.code = KEY_SPACE;
-
gettimeofday(&event.time, 0);
-
write(fd, &event, sizeof(event)) ;
-
//发送一个 释放 SPACE 的事件
-
memset(&event, 0, sizeof(event));
-
gettimeofday(&event.time, NULL);
-
event.type = EV_KEY;
-
event.code = KEY_SPACE;
-
event.value = 0;
-
write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
-
event.type = EV_SYN;
-
event.code = SYN_REPORT;
-
event.value = 0;
-
write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
-
-
//发送一个 释放 CTRL 的事件
-
memset(&event, 0, sizeof(event));
-
gettimeofday(&event.time, NULL);
-
event.type = EV_KEY;
-
event.code = KEY_LEFTCTRL;
-
event.value = 0;
-
write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
-
-
event.type = EV_SYN;
-
event.code = SYN_REPORT;
-
event.value = 0;
-
write(fd, &event, sizeof(event));
-
}
浅析linux中鼠标数据读取
-
//我们就是去读/dev/input/mice设备节点,源码如下:
-
#include <stdio.h>
-
#include <errno.h>
-
#include <fcntl.h>
-
#include <sys/select.h>
-
#include <string.h>
-
-
/* Mouse button bits*/
-
#define WHEEL_UP 0x10
-
#define WHEEL_DOWN 0x08
-
-
#define BUTTON_L 0x04
-
#define BUTTON_M 0x02
-
#define BUTTON_R 0x01
-
#define SCALE 3 /* default scaling factor for acceleration */
-
#define THRESH 5 /* default threshhold for acceleration */
-
-
static int xpos; /* current x position of mouse */
-
static int ypos; /* current y position of mouse */
-
static int minx; /* minimum allowed x position */
-
static int maxx; /* maximum allowed x position */
-
static int miny; /* minimum allowed y position */
-
static int maxy; /* maximum allowed y position */
-
static int buttons; /* current state of buttons */
-
static int scale = SCALE; /* acceleration scale factor */
-
static int thresh = THRESH;/* acceleration threshhold */
-
-
static int mouse_update(int dx, int dy, int dz);
-
static int IMPS2_Read (int *dx, int *dy, int *dz, int *bp);
-
static void mouse_setposition (int newx, int newy);
-
static void mouse_setrange (int newminx, int newminy, int newmaxx, int newmaxy);
-
-
int mouse_fd;
-
-
int main(void)
-
{
-
int dx, dy, dz;
-
static unsigned char imps2_param [] = {243, 200, 243, 100, 243, 80}; //,242};
-
// 来自vnc4的xc/programs/Xserver/hw/xfree86/input/mouse/mouse.c==>PROT_IMPS2
-
const char *mdev = "/dev/input/mice";
-
-
mouse_fd = open (mdev, O_RDWR); // | O_NONBLOCK);
-
if (mouse_fd < 0)
-
{
-
printf("[luther.gliethttp]: RW error [please use root user]: %s\n", mdev);
-
mouse_fd = open (mdev, O_RDONLY); // | O_NONBLOCK);
-
if (mouse_fd < 0)
-
return -1;
-
}
-
else
-
{
-
write (mouse_fd, imps2_param, sizeof (imps2_param)); // 初始化序列, 这样可以读取4个字节数据
-
// 0x80用来表示滚轮向上还是向下滚动
-
// 0xa0表示滚轮向上滚动的同时中键按下
-
printf("[luther.gliethttp]: imps2_param ok!\n");
-
}
-
-
mouse_setrange(0, 0, 1024, 768);
-
-
for (;;)
-
{
-
IMPS2_Read(&dx, &dy, &dz, &buttons);
-
mouse_update(dx, dy, dz);
-
mouse_setposition(xpos, ypos);
-
printf("[%04d,%04d,0x%04x]\n", xpos, ypos, buttons);
-
}
-
-
return 0;
-
}
-
-
static int IMPS2_Read (int *dx, int *dy, int *dz, int *bp)
-
{
-
static unsigned char buf[5];
-
static int buttons[7] = { 0, 1, 3, 0, 2, 0, 0}; // 1左键,2中键,3右键
-
static int nbytes;
-
int n;
-
-
while ((n = read (mouse_fd, &buf [nbytes], 4 - nbytes)))
-
{
-
if (n < 0)
-
{
-
if (errno == EINTR)
-
continue;
-
else
-
return -1;
-
}
-
-
nbytes += n;
-
-
if (nbytes == 4)
-
{
-
int wheel;
-
// printf("[luther.gliethttp]: %02x %02x %02x %02x\n", buf[0], buf[1], buf[2], buf[3]);
-
if ((buf[0] & 0xc0) != 0)
-
{
-
buf[0] = buf[1];
-
buf[1] = buf[2];
-
buf[2] = buf[3];
-
nbytes = 3;
-
return -1;
-
}
-
-
/* FORM XFree86 4.0.1 */
-
*bp = buttons[(buf[0] & 0x07)];
-
*dx = (buf[0] & 0x10) ? buf[1] - 256 : buf[1];
-
*dy = (buf[0] & 0x20) ? -(buf[2] - 256) : -buf[2];
-
-
/* Is a wheel event? */
-
if ((wheel = buf[3]) != 0)
-
{
-
if(wheel > 0x7f)
-
{
-
*bp |= WHEEL_UP;
-
}
-
else
-
{
-
*bp |= WHEEL_DOWN;
-
}
-
}
-
-
*dz = 0;
-
nbytes = 0;
-
return 1;
-
}
-
}
-
return 0;
-
}
-
-
static int mouse_update(int dx, int dy, int dz)
-
{
-
int r;
-
int sign;
-
-
sign = 1;
-
if (dx < 0)
-
{
-
sign = -1;
-
dx = -dx;
-
}
-
if (dx > thresh)
-
dx = thresh + (dx - thresh) * scale;
-
dx *= sign;
-
xpos += dx;
-
if( xpos < minx )
-
xpos = minx;
-
if( xpos > maxx )
-
xpos = maxx;
-
-
sign = 1;
-
if (dy < 0)
-
{
-
sign = -1;
-
dy = -dy;
-
}
-
if (dy > thresh)
-
dy = thresh + (dy - thresh) * scale;
-
dy *= sign;
-
ypos += dy;
-
if ( ypos < miny )
-
ypos = miny;
-
if ( ypos > maxy )
-
ypos = maxy;
-
-
return 1;
-
}
-
-
static void mouse_setposition (int newx, int newy)
-
{
-
if (newx < minx)
-
newx = minx;
-
if (newx > maxx)
-
newx = maxx;
-
if (newy < miny)
-
newy = miny;
-
if (newy > maxy)
-
newy = maxy;
-
if (newx == xpos && newy == ypos)
-
return;
-
xpos = newx;
-
ypos = newy;
-
}
-
-
static void mouse_setrange (int newminx, int newminy, int newmaxx, int newmaxy)
-
{
-
minx = newminx;
-
miny = newminy;
-
maxx = newmaxx;
-
maxy = newmaxy;
-
mouse_setposition ((newminx + newmaxx) / 2, (newminy + newmaxy) / 2);
-
}
-
-
static int mouse_getbutton (void)
-
{
-
return buttons;
-
}
-
-
static void mouse_getxy (int* x, int* y)
-
{
-
*x = xpos;
-
*y = ypos;
-
}
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