Linux下手动创建数据库（二）

1 首先ORACLE_SID问题

[oracle@paopao ~]$ echo $ORACLE_SID
orcl
因为要创建的数据库名为orcl1，所以更改ORACLE_SID如下：
 [oracle@paopao ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=orcl1

 

2 准备初始化参数文件
 

##########################################################################

####
# Copyright (c) 1991, 2001, 2002 by Oracle Corporation
##########################################################################

####
 
###########################################
# Cache and I/O
###########################################
db_block_size=8192
db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
 
###########################################
# Cursors and Library Cache
###########################################
open_cursors=300
 
###########################################
# Database Identification
###########################################
db_domain=""
db_name=orcl1
 
###########################################
# Diagnostics and Statistics
###########################################
background_dump_dest=/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/admin/orcl1/b

dump
core_dump_dest=/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/admin/orcl1/cdump
user_dump_dest=/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/admin/orcl1/udump
 
###########################################
# File Configuration
###########################################
control_files=

("/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1/control01.ctl",

"/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1/control02.ctl",

"/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1/control03.ctl")

 
###########################################
# Job Queues
###########################################
job_queue_processes=10
 
###########################################
# Miscellaneous
###########################################
compatible=10.2.0.1.0
 
###########################################
# Processes and Sessions
###########################################
processes=150
 
###########################################
# SGA Memory
###########################################
sga_target=285212672
 
###########################################
# Security and Auditing
###########################################
audit_file_dest=/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/admin/orcl1/adump
remote_login_passwordfile=EXCLUSIVE
 
###########################################
# Shared Server
###########################################
dispatchers="(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orcl1XDB)"
 
###########################################
# Sort, Hash Joins, Bitmap Indexes
###########################################
pga_aggregate_target=94371840
 
###########################################
# System Managed Undo and Rollback Segments
###########################################
undo_management=AUTO
undo_tablespace=UNDOTBS1

 

3 准备建库脚本

 

CREATE DATABASE orcl1
 USER sys IDENTIFIED BY admin
 USER system IDENTIFIED BY manager
 maxinstances 1
 maxloghistory 1
 maxlogfiles 5
 maxlogmembers 5
 DATAFILE '/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1/system01.dbf'

size 400M REUSE
 SYSAUX DATAFILE

'/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1/sysaux01.dbf' size 400M

REUSE
 DEFAULT TEMPORARY tablespace temp01
 TEMPFILE '/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1/temp01.dbf'

size 100M REUSE
 UNDO TABLESPACE "undotbs1"
 DATAFILE '/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1/undotbs01.dbf'

size 200M REUSE
 DEFAULT TABLESPACE users
 DATAFILE '/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1/users01.dbf'

size 100M REUSE
 CONTROLFILE REUSE
 LOGFILE group 1

('/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1/redo01.log') size 10M

REUSE,
         group 2

('/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1/redo02.log') size 10M

REUSE,
         group 3

('/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1/redo03.log') size 10M

REUSE;

 

4 创建必要的目录

 

[oracle@paopao ~]$ mkdir -pv /home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db1/admin/orcl1{adump,bdump,cdump,dpbump,udump,pfile}
 
 更改它们的权限

[oracle@paopao ~]$ chmod 775 -Rv /home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db1/admin/

 

 更改他们的所属主组

 [oracle@paopao ~]$ chown oracle:oinstall -Rv /home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db1/admin/

 

[oracle@paopao ~]$  mkdir /home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1

[oracle@paopao ~]$  mkdir /home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1/arch -pv

[oracle@paopao ~]$  chmod 775 -Rv  /home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1

[oracle@paopao ~]$  chown oracle:oinstall -Rv /home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1

 

5  [oracle@paopao ~]$ /home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/sqlplus /nolog

 

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sun May 16 04:10:12 2010

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

 

SQL> conn sys/admin as sysdba

Connected to an idle instance.

 

SQL>  startup nomount pfile='/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/admin/orcl1/pfile/pfileorcl1.ora';

 

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  285212672 bytes
Fixed Size                  1218992 bytes
Variable Size              92276304 bytes
Database Buffers          188743680 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes

 

6 执行上面的脚本创建数据库

 

SQL>  @/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/oradata/orcl1/createdb.sql

Database created.

 

7 以下两个命令将创建数据字典

 

SQL>@/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql

SQL>@/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql
SQL>@/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/admin/catblock.sql;

SQL>@/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/admin/catoctk.sql;

SQL>@/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/admin/owminst.plb;

SQL>@/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/admin/catclust.sql;
SQL>@/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql;

 

8 创建spfile

 

SQL> create spfile='/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/admin/orcl1/pfile/spfileorcl1.ora' from pfile='/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/admin/orcl1/pfile/pfileorcl1.ora'

 

9 把数据库打开到正常状态

 

SQL>alter database mount;
SQL>alter database open;