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姓名：ppzhang 职业：学生 年龄：20 位置： 个性介绍： 相互学习，相互交流，希望成为好朋友！
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文章列表 - 我爱文学（古典）
<大学----译文>
<DIV> <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 16.5pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><A name=STAT_ONCLICK_UNSUBMIT_CATALOG_RETURN></A><A title=返回页首 href="http://baike.baidu.com/view/54581.htm##"></A><SPAN style="mso-bookmark: STAT_ONCLICK_UNSUBMIT_CATALOG_RETURN"></SPAN><A name=3></A><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">《大学》的译文</SPAN></B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P> <P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">大学的宗旨在于弘扬光明正大的品德，在于使人弃旧图新，在于使人达到最完善的境界。知道应达到的境界才能够志向坚定；志向坚定才能够镇静不躁；镇静不躁才能够心安理得；心安理得才能够思虑周祥；思虑周祥才能够有所收获。每样东西都有根本有枝未，每件事情都有开始有终结。明白了这本末始终的道理，就接近事物发展的规律了。古代那些要想在天下弘扬光明正大品德的人，先要治理好自己的国家；要想治理好自己的国家，先要管理好自己的家庭和家族；要想管理好自己的家庭和家族，先要修养自身的品性；要想修养自身的品性，先要端正自己的心思；要想端正自己的心思，先要使自己的意念真诚；要想使自己的意念真诚，先要使自己获得知识；获得知识的途径在于认识、研究万事万物。通过对万事万物的认识、研究后才能获得知识；获得知识后意念才能真诚；意念真诚后心思才能端正；心思端正后才能修养品性；品性修养后才能管理好家庭和家族；管理好家庭和家族后才能治理好国家；治理好国家后天下才能太平。上自国家元首，下至平民百姓，人人都要以修养品性为根本。若这个根本被扰乱了，家庭、家族、国家、天下要治理好是不可能的。不分轻重缓急，本末倒置却想做好事情，这也同样是不可能的！</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">《康诰》说：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">能够弘扬光明的品德。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">《太甲》说：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">念念不忘这上天赋予的光明禀性。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">《尧典》说：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">能够弘扬崇高的品德。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">这些都是说要自己弘扬光明正大的品德。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR><A href="http://baike.baidu.com/view/29315.htm" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #0000cc; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"><SPAN lang=EN-US>商汤</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">王刻在洗澡盆上的箴言说</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">如果能够一天新，就应保持天天新，新了还要更新。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">” </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">《康诰》说：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">激励人弃旧图新。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">” </SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">《诗经》说，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">周朝虽然是旧的国家，但却禀受了新的天命。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">所以，品德高尚的人无处下追求完善。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">《</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><A href="http://baike.baidu.com/view/4976.htm" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #0000cc; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"><SPAN lang=EN-US>诗经</SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">》说：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">京城及其周围，都是老百姓向往的地方。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">《诗经》又说：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">“‘</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">绵蛮</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">’</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">叫着的黄鸟，栖息在山冈上。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">孔子说：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">连黄鸟都知道它该栖息在什么地方，难道人还可以不如一只鸟儿吗？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">《诗经》说：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">品德高尚的文王啊，为人光明磊落，做事始终庄重谨慎。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">做国君的，要做到仁爱；做臣子的，要做到恭敬；做子女的，要做到孝顺；做父亲的，要做到慈爱；与他人交往，要做到讲信用。《诗经》说：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">看那淇水弯弯的岸边，嫩绿的竹子郁郁葱葱。有一位文质彬彬的君子，研究学问如加工骨器，不断切磋；修炼自己如打磨美玉，反复琢磨。他庄重而开朗，仪表堂堂。这样的一个文质彬彬的君子，真是令人难忘啊！</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">这里所说的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">如加工骨器，不断切磋</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">，是指做学问的态度；这里所说的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">如打磨美玉，反复琢磨</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">，是指自我修炼的精神；说他</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">庄重而开朗</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">，是指他内心谨慎而有所戒惧；说他</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">仪表堂堂</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">，是指他非常威严；说</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">这样一个文质彬彬的君子，可真是令人难忘啊！</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">是指由于他品德非常高尚，达到了最完善的境界，所以使人难以忘怀。《诗经》说：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">啊啊，前代的君王真使人难忘啊！</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">这是因为君主贵族们能够以前代的君王为榜样，尊重贤人，亲近亲族，一般平民百姓也都蒙受恩泽，享受安乐，获得利益。所以，虽然前代君王已经去世，但人们还是永远不会忘记他们。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">孔子说：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">听诉讼审理案子，我也和别人一样，目的在于使诉讼不再发生。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">使隐瞒真实情况的人不敢花言巧语，使人心畏服，这就叫做抓住了根本。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">这就叫做抓住了根本，这就叫知识达到顶点了。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">使意念真诚的意思是说，不要自己欺骗自己。要像厌恶腐臭的气味一样，要像喜爱美丽的女人一样，一切都发自内心。所以，品德高尚的人哪怕是在一个人独处的时候，也一定要谨慎。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">品德低下的人在私下里无恶不作，一见到品德高尚的人便躲躲闪闪，掩盖自己所做的坏事而自吹自擂。殊不知，别人看你自己，就像能看见你的心肺肝脏一样清楚，掩盖有什么用呢？这就叫做内心的真实一定会表现到外表上来。所以，品德高尚的人哪怕是在一个人独处的时候，也一定要谨慎。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">曾子说：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">十只眼睛看着，十只手指着，这难道不令人畏惧吗？！</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">” <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">财富可以装饰房屋，品德却可以修养身心，使心胸宽广而身体舒泰安康。所以，品德高尚的人一定要使自己的意念真诚。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">之所以说修养自身的品性要先端正自己的心思，是因为心有愤怒就不能够端正；心有恐惧就不能够端正；心有喜好就不能够端正；心有忧虑就不能够端正。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">心思不端正就像心不在自己身上一样：虽然在看，但却像没有看见一样；虽然在听，但却像没有听见一样；虽然在吃东西，但却一点也不知道是什么滋味。所以说，要修养自身的品性必须要先端正自己的心思。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">之所以说管理好家庭和家族要先修养自身，是因为人们对于自己亲爱的人会有偏爱；对于自己厌恶的人会有偏恨；对于自己敬畏的人会有偏向；对于自己同情的人会有偏心；对于自己轻视的人会有偏见。因此，很少有人能喜爱某人又看到那人的缺点，厌恶某人又看到那人的优点。所以有谚语说：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">人都不知道自己孩子的坏，人都不满足自己庄稼的好。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">这就是不修养自身就不能管理好家庭和家族的道理。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">之所以说治理国家必须先管理好自己的家庭和家族，是因为不能管教好家人而能管教好别人的人，是没有的，所以，有修养的人在家里就受到了治理国家方面的教育：对父母的孝顺可以用于侍奉君主；对兄长的恭敬可以用于侍奉官长；对子女的慈爱可以用于统治民众。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">《康浩》说：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">如同爱护婴儿一样。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">内心真诚地去追求，即使达不到目标，也不会相差太远。要知道，没有先学会了养孩子再去出嫁的人啊！</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">一家仁爱，一国也会兴起仁爱；一家礼让，一国也会兴起礼让；一人贪婪暴戾，一国就会犯上作乱。其联系就是这样紧密，这就叫做：一句话就会坏事，一个人就能安定国家。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">尧舜用仁爱统治天下，老百姓就跟随着仁爱；桀纣用凶暴统治天下，老百姓就跟随着凶暴。统治者的命令与自己的实际做法相反，老百姓是不会服从的。所以，品德高尚的，总是自己先做到。然后才要求别人做到；自己先不这样做，然后才要求别人不这样做。不采取这种推己及人的恕道而想让别人按自己的意思去做，那是不可能的。所以，要治理国家必须先管理好自己的家庭和家族。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">《诗经》说：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">桃花鲜美，树叶茂密，这个姑娘出嫁了、让全家人都和睦。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">让全家人都和睦，然后才能够让一国的人都和睦。《诗经》说：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">兄弟和睦。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">兄弟和睦了，然后才能够让一国的人都和睦。《诗经》说：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">容貌举止庄重严肃，成为四方国家的表率。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">只有当一个人无论是作为父亲、儿子，还是兄长、弟弟时都值得人效法时，老百姓才会去效法他。这就是要治理国家必须先管理好家庭和家族的道理。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">之所队说平定天下要治理好自己的国家，是因为，在上位的人尊敬老人，老百姓就会孝顺自己的父母，在上位的人尊重长辈，老百姓就会尊重自己的兄长；在上位的人体恤救济孤儿，老百姓也会同样跟着去做。所以，品德高尚的人总是实行以身作则，推已及人的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">絜矩之道</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">如果厌恶上司对你的某种行为，就不要用这种行为去对待你的下属；如果厌恶下属对你的某种行为，就不要用这种行为去对待你的上司；如果厌恶在你前面的人对你的某种行为，就不要用这种行为去对待在你后面的人；如果厌恶在你后面的人对你的某种行为，就不要用这种行为去对待在你前面的人；如果厌恶在你右边的人对你的某种行为，就不要用这种行为去对待在你左边的人；如果厌恶在你左边的人对你的某种行为，就不要用这种行为去对待在你右边的人。这就叫做</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">絜矩之道</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">《诗经》说：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">使人心悦诚服的国君啊，是老百姓的父母。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">老百姓喜欢的他也喜欢，老百姓厌恶的他也厌恶，这样的国君就可以说是老百姓的父母了。《诗经》说：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">巍峨的南山啊，岩石耸立。显赫的尹太师啊，百姓都仰望你。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">统治国家的人不可不谨慎。稍有偏颇，就会被天下人推翻。《诗经》说：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">殷朝没有丧失民心的时候，还是能够与上天的要求相符的。请用殷朝作个鉴戒吧，守住天命并不是一件容易的事。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">这就是说，得到民心就能得到国家，失去民心就会失去国家。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">所以，品德高尚的人首先注重修养德行。有德行才会有人拥护，有人拥护才能保有土地，有土地才会有财富，有财富才能供给使用，德是根本，财是枝末，假如把根本当成了外在的东西，却把枝末当成了内在的根本，那就会和老百姓争夺利益。所以，君王聚财敛货，民心就会失散；君王散财于民，民心就会聚在一起。这正如你说话不讲道理，人家也会用不讲道理的话来回答你；财货来路不明不白，总有一天也会不明不白地失去。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">《康浩》说：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">天命是不会始终如一的。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">这就是说，行善便会得到天命，不行善便会失去天命。《楚书》说：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">楚国没有什么是宝，只是把善当作宝。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">舅犯说，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">流亡在外的人没有什么是宝，只是把仁爱当作宝。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">” <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">《秦誓》说：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">如果有这样一位大臣，忠诚老实，虽然没有什么特别的本领，但他心胸宽广，有容人的肚量，别人有本领，就如同他自己有一样；别人德才兼备，他心悦诚服，不只是在口头上表示，而是打心眼里赞赏。用这种人，是可以保护我的子孙和百姓的，是可以为他们造福的啊！相反，如果别人有本领，他就妒嫉、厌恶；别人德才兼备，他便想方设法压制，排挤，无论如何容忍不得。用这种人，不仅不能保护我的子孙和百姓，而且可以说是危险得很！</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">因此，有仁德的人会把这种容不得人的人流放，把他们驱逐到边远的四夷之地去，不让他们同住在国中。这说明，有德的人爱憎分明，发现贤才而不能选拔，选拔了而不能重用，这是轻慢：发现恶人而不能，了而不能把他驱逐得远远的，这是过错。喜欢众人所厌恶的，厌恶众人所喜欢的，这是违背人的本性，灾难必定要落到自己身上。所以，做国君的人有正确的途径：忠诚信义，便会获得一切；骄奢放纵，便会失去一切。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"> <BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">生产财富也有正确的途径；生产的人多，消费的人少；生产的人勤奋，消费的人节省。这样，财富便会经常充足。仁爱的人仗义疏财以修养自身的德行，不仁的人不惜以生命为代价去敛钱发财。没有在上位的人喜爱仁德，而在下位的人却不喜爱忠义的；没有喜爱忠义而做事却半途而废的；没有国库里的财物不是属于国君的。孟献子说：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">养了四匹马拉车的士大夫之家，就不需再去养鸡养猪；祭祀用冰的卿大夫家，就不要再去养牛养羊；拥有一百辆兵车的诸侯之家，就不要去收养搜刮民财的家臣。与其有搜刮民财的家臣，不如有偷盗东西的家臣。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">这意思是说，一个国家不应该以财货为利益，而应该以仁义为利益。做了国君却还一心想着聚敛财货，这必然是有小人在诱导，而那国君还以为这些小人是好人，让他们去处理国家大事，结果是天灾人祸一齐降临。这时虽有贤能的人，却也没有办法挽救了。所以，一个国家不应该以财货为利益，而应该以仁义为利益。</SPAN></P></DIV>
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发表于:2008-05-31 ┆
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<大学-----Universtity>
<DIV><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><FONT face=隶书 size=3>大学之道，在明明德，在亲民，在止于至善。知止而后有定，定而后能静，静而后能安，安而后能虑，虑而后能得。物有本末，事有终始，知所先后，则近道矣。</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><BR><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><FONT face=隶书 size=3>古之欲明明德于天下者，先治其国，欲治其国者，先齐其家；欲齐其家者，先修其身；欲修其身者，先正其心；欲正其心者，先诚其意；欲诚其意者，先致其知，致知在格物。物格而后知至，知至而后意诚，意诚而后心正，心正而后身修，身修而后家齐，家齐而后国治，国治而后天下平。自天子以至于庶人，壹是皆以修身为本。其本乱而末治者，否矣。其所厚者薄，而其所薄者厚，未之有也。</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><BR><BR><A href="http://baike.baidu.com/view/1357034.htm" target=_blank><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: #0000cc; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=隶书 size=3>康诰</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></A></SPAN><FONT size=3><FONT face=隶书><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">曰：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">克明德。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">大甲曰：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">顾是天之明命。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">帝典曰：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">克明峻德。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">皆自明也。汤之盘铭曰：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">苟日新，日日新，又日新。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">康诰曰：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">作新民。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">诗云：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">周虽旧邦，其命维新。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">是故君子无所不用其极。诗云：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">邦畿千里，唯民所止。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">诗云：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">绵蛮黄鸟，止于丘隅。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">子曰：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">于止，知其所止，可以人而不如鸟乎？</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">诗云：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">穆穆文王，于缉熙敬止。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">为人君止于仁，为人臣止于敬，为人子止于孝，为人父止于慈，与国人交止于信。</SPAN></FONT></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><BR><BR></SPAN><FONT size=3><FONT face=隶书><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">诗云：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">赡彼淇澳，绿竹猗猗，有斐君子，如切如磋，如琢如磨，瑟兮涧兮，赫兮喧兮，有斐君子，终不可煊兮。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">如切如磋者，道学也；如琢如磨者，自修也；瑟兮涧兮者，恂溧也；赫兮喧兮则，威仪也；有斐君子，终不可煊兮者，道盛德至善，民之不能忘也。诗云：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">于戏！前王不忘。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">君子贤其贤而亲其亲，小人乐其乐而利其利，此以没世不忘也。</SPAN></FONT></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><BR><BR></SPAN><FONT size=3><FONT face=隶书><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">子曰：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">听讼，吾犹人也，必也使无讼乎！</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">无情者不得尽其辞，大畏民志，此谓知本。</SPAN></FONT></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><BR><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><FONT face=隶书 size=3>此谓知本，此谓知之至也。</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><BR><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><FONT face=隶书 size=3>所谓诚其意者，毋自欺也。如恶恶臭，如好好色，此之谓自谦。故君子必慎其独也。</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><BR></SPAN><FONT size=3><FONT face=隶书><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">小人闲居为不善，无所不至，见君子而后厌然，拚其不善，而著其善。人之视己，如见其肝肺然，则何益矣。此谓诚于中</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">,</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">形于外。故君子必慎其独也。</SPAN></FONT></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><BR></SPAN><FONT size=3><FONT face=隶书><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">曾子曰：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">十目所视，十手所指，其严乎！</SPAN></FONT></FONT><FONT size=3><FONT face=隶书><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">”<BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">富润屋，德润身，心广体胖，故君子必诚其意。</SPAN></FONT></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><BR></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><FONT face=隶书 size=3>所谓修身在正其心者，身有所忿惕则不得其正，有所恐惧则不得其正，有所好乐则不得其正，有所忧患则不得其正。心不在焉，视而不见，听而不闻，食而不知其味，此谓修身在正其心。</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><BR><BR></SPAN><FONT size=3><FONT face=隶书><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">所谓齐其家在修其身者，人之其所亲爱而辟焉，之其所贱恶而辟焉，之其所敬畏而辟焉，之其所哀矜而辟焉，之其所敖惰而辟焉，故好而知其恶，恶而知其美者，天下鲜矣。故谚有之曰：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">人莫之其子之恶，莫知其苗之硕。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">此谓身不修，不可以齐其家。</SPAN></FONT></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><BR><BR></SPAN><FONT size=3><FONT face=隶书><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">所谓治国必齐其家者，其家不可教，而能教人者无之。故君子不出家而成教于国。孝者，所以事君也；弟者，所以事长也；慈者，所以使众也。康诰曰：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">如保赤子。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">心诚求之，虽不中，不远矣。未有学养子而后嫁者也。一家仁，一国兴仁；一家让，一国兴让；一人贪戾，一国作乱，其机如此。此谓一言贲事，一人定国。尧舜率天下以仁，而民从之；桀纣率天下以暴，而民从之。其所令，反其所好，而民不从。是故君子有诸己而后求诸人，无诸己而后非诸人。所藏乎身不恕，而能喻诸人者，未之有也。故治国在齐其家。诗云：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">桃之夭夭，其叶蓁蓁，之子于归，宜其家人。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">宜其家人而后可以教国人。诗云：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">宜兄宜弟。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">宜兄宜弟，而后可以教国人。诗云：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">其仪不忒，正是四国。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">其为父子兄弟足法，而后民法之也。此谓治国在齐其家。</SPAN></FONT></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><BR><BR></SPAN><FONT size=3><FONT face=隶书><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">所谓平天下在治其国者，上老老而民兴孝，上长长而民兴弟，上恤孤而民不倍，是以君子有挈矩之道也。所恶于上，毋以使下；所恶于下，毋以事上；所恶于前，毋以先后；所恶于后，毋以从前；所恶于右，毋以交于左；所恶于左，毋以交于右，此之谓挈矩之道。诗云：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">“</SPAN><?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:PersonName w:st="on" ProductID="乐只"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">乐只</SPAN></st1:PersonName><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">君子，民之父母。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">民之所好好之，民之所恶恶之，此之谓民之父母。诗云：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">节彼南山，维石岩岩，赫赫师尹，民具尔瞻。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">有国者不可以不慎，辟则为天下戮矣。诗云：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">殷之未丧师，克配上帝，仪监于殷，峻命不易。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">道得众则得国，失众则失国。是故君子先慎乎德，有德此有人，有人此有土，有土此有财，有财此有用。德者本也，财者末也。外本内末，争民施夺，是故财聚则民散，财散则民聚。是故言悖而出者，亦悖而入；货悖而入者，亦悖而出。康诰曰：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">唯命不于常。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">道善则得之，不善则失之矣。楚书曰：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">楚国无以为宝，惟善以为宝。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">舅犯曰：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">亡人无以为宝，仁亲为宝。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">秦誓曰：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">若有一个臣，断断兮，无他技，其心休休焉，其为有容焉。人之有技，若己有之；人之彦圣，其心好之，不啻若自其口出。实能容之，以能保我子孙黎民，尚亦有利哉！人之有技瑁嫉以恶之，人之彦圣，而违之俾不通。实不能容，以不能保我子孙黎民，亦曰殆哉！</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">唯仁人放流之，迸诸四夷，不与中国同。此谓唯仁人为能爱人，能恶人。见贤而不能举，举而不能先，命也。见不善而不能退，退而不能速，过也。好人之所恶，恶人之所好，是谓拂人之性，灾必逮夫身。是故君子有大道，必忠信以得之，骄泰以失之。生财有大道，生之者众，食之者寡，为之者疾，用之者舒，则财恒足矣。仁者以财发身，不仁者以身发财。未有上好仁而下不好义者也，未有好义其事不终者也，未有府库财非其财者也。孟献子曰：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">“</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">畜马乘，不察于鸡豚；伐冰之家，不畜牛羊；百乘之家，不畜聚敛之臣。与其有聚敛之臣，宁有盗臣。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">”</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">此谓国不以利为利，以义为利也。长国家而务财用者，必自小人矣。彼为善之，小人之使为国家，灾害并至，虽有善者，亦无如之何矣。此谓国家不以利为利，以义为利也。</SPAN></FONT></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><BR style="mso-special-character: line-break"><BR style="mso-special-character: line-break"></SPAN></DIV> <DIV><FONT face=隶书 size=3></FONT></DIV>
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发表于:2008-05-31 ┆
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何谓 “学富五车”与“才高八斗”
<DIV><STRONG><FONT face=隶书 size=3> “学富五车”和“才高八斗”都是称誉学识渊博的。学识怎样用车载量呢？原来这里有两个典故。 </FONT></STRONG> <P><STRONG><FONT face=隶书 size=3> 我国古人已开始用竹片或木片作为信息载体。用以书写的竹片叫做“简”，又称“策”；用于书写的木片，叫做“方”，又称“犊”。 </FONT></STRONG> <P><STRONG><FONT face=隶书 size=3> “学富五车”语出《庄子·杂篇·天下》篇：“惠施有方，其书五车。”惠施是战国时哲学家，很有才学，是名家的代表人物。这里是说惠施是个有学问的人，道术很多，他读的书要用五辆车子拉。后来人们便以“五车”、“五车书”、“书五车”、“五车竹简”、“惠车”等来表示对饱学之士的称赞。王安石《赠外孙》：“年小从他爱梨栗，长成须读五车书。”用“学五车”来表示读书多或学问大。 </FONT></STRONG> <P><STRONG><FONT face=隶书 size=3> “学富五车”的典故，反映了在相当一个历史时期内所使用的传播手段。这么多的简册，运输、存放都很麻烦，人们常形容说：“汗马牛”、“充栋宇”。因而形成了“汗牛充栋”的成语。 </FONT></STRONG> <P><STRONG><FONT face=隶书 si……
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发表于:2008-05-18 ┆
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何谓“才高八斗”
<DIV> <TABLE width="80%" border=0> <TBODY> <TR> <TD width="100%" bgColor=#fff0ff> <P align=center><B><FONT color=#ff0000 size=4></FONT></B> </P></TD></TR> <TR> <TD width="100%" bgColor=#fff0ff> <P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><FONT size=2><FONT color=#ff0000>出处：</FONT> 南朝·宋·无名氏《释常谈·斗之才》文章多，谓之八斗之才。谢灵运尝曰：“天下才有一石，曹子建独占八斗，我得一斗，天下兵分一斗。” <BR><FONT color=#ff0000>释义： </FONT>比喻极有才华。 <BR><FONT color=#ff0000>故事：</FONT> 南朝宋国有谢灵运，是我国古代著名的山水诗作家。他的诗，大都描写会稽、永嘉、庐山等地的山水名胜，善于刻划自然景物，开创了文学史上的山水诗一派。 <BR><BR> 他写的诗艺术性很强，尤其注意形式美，很受文人雅士的喜爱。他的诗篇一传出来，人们就竞相抄录，流传很广。宋文帝很赏识他的文学才能，特地将他召回京都任职，并把他的诗作和书法称为“二宝”，常常要他边侍宴，边写诗作文。<BR> 一直自命不凡的谢灵运受到这种礼遇后，更加狂妄自大。有一次，他一边喝酒一边自夸道：“魏晋以来，天下的文学之才共有一石(……
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发表于:2008-05-18 ┆
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