★abdicate v.放弃权力[同]relinquish

MEANING:give up(office,power,or authority);surrender
TYPICAL USE:When the king abdicated his throne,his brother succeeded him.国王逊位时．其弟继承王位。

★accrue v.自然增殖；自然增加[同]accumulate

MEANING:some as a natural product or result;add up;be received;amass
TYPICAL USE:Ability to think clearly will accrue to you from good habits of study.你的思考能力将因良好的学习习惯而自然增进。

★badger v.困扰[同]tease

MEANING:keep on annoying or teasing;bother or question persistently
TYPICAL USE:The salesman has been badgeing my father for two weeks to buy a new car.那推销员一直缠着我父亲，要求他买新车。

★baffle v.使因感；使迷惑[同]bewilder

MEANING:make effective action impossible by confusing;hinder;thwart
TYPICAL USE:The succeeded in baffling the enemy's attack plans.他们成功地扰乱了敌人的攻击计划。

★conjecture v.推测，猜想[同]surmise

MEANING:guess;seculate;suspect
TYPICAL USE:He conjectured that his new stocks would rise on the stock market.他猜他的新股票价格在股票市场上升。

★derange v.使错乱；搅乱[同]upset

MEANING:disturb the order or arrangement of;throw into confusion
TYPICAL USE:The poor woman's mind has been deranged for many years.那女人巳精神错乱好几年了。

★fiend n.恶魔；穷凶极恶的人[同]devil

MEANING:an evil spirit;a very wicked person;witch
TYPICAL USE:The natives thought the explorer was possessed by a fiend.土著们认为探险家被恶魔缠身。

★pine v.渴忘；苦思[同]yearn

MEANING:long eagerly;waste away through sorrow or disease;wither
TYPICAL USE:The mother was pining to see her son and daughter.母亲渴望见到她的子女。

★smother v.便窒息;闷死[同]choke

MEANING:prevent from breathing freely;kill by depriving of air;throttle
TYPICAL USE:The gas almost smothered the coal miners but they got out in time.煤矿工差点被瓦斯闷死，好在他们及时逃出。

★throb v.悸动;跳动[同]pulse

MEANING:beat rapidly or strongly;flutter;palpitate
TYPICAL USE:The long climb up the mountain made her heart throb rapidly.长程爬山使她的心跳加速。

小测验：从今天所学中选出最适当的一个单词填入空格中：
1. The dead man had been _____ by smoke from the chimney.
2. Your heart will _____ when you are excited with terror.
3. The thief _____ our pursuit by locking us in the house before escaping.
4. If you put you money in the bank,interest _____ .
5. The origin of the human race is a matter of pure _____ .

答案：1.smothered 2.throb 3.baffled 4.accrues 5.conjecture

Part 2

★broth n.煮肉的清汤[同]soup

MEANING:a thin soup made from water in which meat,fish or vegetable have been boiled
TYPICAL USE:Many people usually drink hot broth when they are sick.很多人在生病时喝热的肉汤。

★crevice n.裂缝;破口[同]crack

MEANING:a narrow split or cut;cranny
TYPICAL USE:Some tiny plant grow in the crevice of the stone wall.有些小植物从石墙的裂缝中长出来。

★demean v.贬低;降低[同]degrade

MEANING:lower in the dignity or standing;humble;debase
TYPICAL USE:The duke's son demeaned himself by doing manual labor with his servants.公爵的儿子降低自己的身份和佣人一起做工。

★foster v.养育；看护[同]nurse

MEANING:bring up;care for fondly;rear;cherish
TYPICAL USE:We fostered the young girl while her mother was in hospital.当小女孩的母亲在医院时．我们照顾她。

★incentive n.刺激；鼓励[同]stimulus

MEANING:a thing that urges a person on;a cause of action or effort;motive
TYPICAL USE:Our country has prospered by various incentive systems.我们的国家因各种不同的奖励制度而繁荣起来。

★maze n.迷宫[同]labyrinth

MEANING:a net work of paths through which it is hard to find one's way
TYPICAL USE:A guide led us through the maze of tunnels in the cave.向导带领我们通过山洞里如迷宫般的隧道。

★pore 1.v.熟读；熟视2.n.毛孔；孔

MEANING:1。gaze earnestly or steadily;study or give close attention to;ponder 2.a very small opening
TYPICAL USE:1.She pored over the picture book in silence enjoying the various colors.她默默地读那图画书．欣赏着各种不同的颜色。2.Like human skin,soil has holes that are called pored.和人类的皮肤一样，土壤也有许多洞叫做毛细孔。

★rubbish n.废物；垃圾[同]trash

MEANING:waster material to be thrown away;garbage;junk
TYPICAL USE:Pick up the rubbish and throw it in the garbage can.把废物捡起来丢进垃圾桶内。

★speculate v.沉思;思索[同]meditate

MEANING:think long and carefully about some subject;consider;reflect
TYPICAL USE:We don't need to speculate about the possible winner in the game.我们不必去想谁可能是这场比赛的赢家。

★transfix v.刺穿[同]petrify

MEANING:fasten or fix by piercing through with something pointed
TYPICAL USE:Sweet music caught and held him transfixed against the iron fence.甜美的音乐穿过了铁墙而紧紧地如住他的心弦。

小测验：从今天所学中选出最适当的一个单词填入空格中：
1. Many books and magazines are filled with cheap,sensational and vulgar _____ .
2. After waiting a long time,I opened a little _____ in the door.
3. His interest in my scholastic records gave me a(an) _____ and I worked twice as hard.
4. They _____ about the author's hidden meaning.
5. She was lost in a(an) _____ of narrow winding streets.

答案：1.rubbish 2.crevice 3.incentive 4.speculated 5.maze

Part 3

★anomaly n.反常之事物[同]abnormality

MEANING:something abnormal;unusualo irregularity
TYPICAL USE:A bird that cannot fly is an anomaly. 一只不能飞的乌是异常的。

★converge v.集中于一点[同]focus

MEANING:tend to meet at a point;be directed towards a single point
TYPICAL USE:If you look at the end of your nose,your eyes converge.你如望着你的鼻尖，你的两眼就向一点集中。

★duplicate adj.完全相同的；副的[同]double

MEANING:same;selfsame;alike;twofold
TYPICAL USE:We have a duplicate key to the front door.我们有一把开前门用的相同的钥匙。

★epoch n.纪元;时代[同]age

MEANING:a period of historical time;the starting point of such a period
TYPICAL USE:There were few peaceful epoches in the history of our country.我国的历史中，很少有和平的时期。

★gaunt adj.慌悴的;骨瘦如柴的[同]haggard

MEANING:very thin and bony;with hollow eyes and a starved look;lean
TYPICAL USE:Hunger and suffering from cold had made the lost hikers gaunt.迷路的徒步旅行者因饥饿和寒冷而骨瘦如柴。

★incessant adj.不断的[同]continuous

MEANING:never stopping;unceasing,interminable;unending;timeless
TYPICAL USE:The incessant barking of the dog kept him awake through the night.不断的狗叫声使他整夜未能入唾。

★mute adj.沉默的;无言的[同]silent

MEANING:without speech;making no sound;dumb;unable to speak
TYPICAL USE:Though the teach asked a simple question about her parents,the little girl stood mute with embarrassment.虽然老师只问了一个有关她父母亲的简单问题，但那小女孩无言地站着．似乎很因窘的样子。

★partisan n.帮伙;同党者[同]defender

MEANING:a strong supporter of a person,party or cause;zealot
TYPICAL USE:He was a passionate partisan of these people and had orgnized a Worker's Union.他是这些人的热心伙伴，组织了一个工会。

★scan v.1．细察；审视 2．匆匆一阅[同]contemplate,overlook

MEANING:1.examine carefully and closely;regard;pore over 2.glance at quickly;read hurriedly;skim
TYPICAL USE:1.The parents of the sick boy scanned the doctor's face for a sign of hope.病孩的父母亲审视医生的脸，想查明是否有希望的征兆。2.She scanned the newspaper in a few minutes.她在几分钟之内把报纸大略翻阅一下。

★stab v.刺;刺伤[同]pierce

MEANING:pierce or wound with a pointed weapon
TYPICAL USE:He stabbed a piece of meat from the plate with his fork.他用叉子从盘中叉下一片肉来。

小测验：从今天所学中选出最适当的一个单词填入空格中：
1. Railway lines seem to _____ when one looks at them from a distance.
2. A person's lungs are _____ ,but he has only one heart.
3. The _____ of his position is that he is very famous,but still doesn't make much money.
4. They _____ the mountain side for any sign of the climbers.
5. The invention of the steam engine marks a(an) _____ in the growth of history.

答案：1.converge 2.duplicate 3.anomaly 4.scanned 5.epoch

Part 4

★botch v.因工作笨拙而弄坏[同]ruin

MEANING:spoil by poor work;do somethings badly
TYPICAL USE:I tried to cook a nice dinner,but I'm afraid I've rather botch it.我想煮一顿美好的晚餐，但却恐怕把它弄坏了。

★chafe v.擦热；擦痛[同]abrade

MEANING:make sore by rubbing or scraping;rub to make warm
TYPICAL USE:Her new shoes chafed the skin on both her feet.她的新皮鞋把她两只脚弄痛了。

★dissipate v.1．使消散；驱散 2.浪费[同]scatter,waster

MEANING:1.spread in different directions 2.spend foolishly;waster on thing of little value
TYPICAL USE:1.After a brisk morning wind dissipate the clounds,the sky was clear all day.早上一阵强风把云吹散后，一整天天空万里无云。2.The foolish son dissipated his father's fortune by spending it on drinking and gambling.愚蠢的儿子把父亲的财产乱花在喝酒和赌博上。

★efface v.消除；抹杀[同]erase

MEANING:rub out;do a way with;wipe out;destroy
TYPICAL USE:The inscriptions on the ancient monurments have been effaced by time.古代石碑上的文字，已经因时间长久而被磨蚀去。

★glint n.闪烁；闪光[同]flash

MEANING:a gleam;sparkle;glitter
TYPICAL USE:There was a glint in her eye that showed she was angry.她眼中有生气的眼神。

★onerous adj.繁重的；烦苛的[同]arduous

MEANING:hard to take or carry;oppressive;troublesome;burdensome
TYPICAL USE:Overtime work is often onerous,though it is well paid.加班的工作报酬很好，但常常是很繁重的。

★iterate v.重做；重述[同]repeat

MEANING:say again or repeatedly;reiterate
TYPICAL USE:The girl did not move though the policeman iterated his command that she go.警察重述他的命令叫她走，她还是没走。

★propensity n.倾向；嗜好；习性[同]tendency

MEANING:a natural inclination or bent;leaning
TYPICAL USE:Most boys have a propensity of playing with machinery.大多数男孩子都有玩机械的倾向。

★singe v.微烧；烫焦[同]scorch

MEANING:burn a little;sear;scald
TYPICAL USE:Mother singed chicken to get rid of hairs.母亲把鸡稍稍烧一下以便去毛。

★strut v.昂首阔步[同]swagger

MEANING:walk in a vain,important,or affected manner;parade;prance
TYPICAL USE:The little boy put on his father's medals and strutted around the room.那孩子佩上他父亲的勋章，在房内昂首阔步。

★unravel v.解开；阐明[同]solve

MEANING:solve;make clear
TYPICAL USE:There are many kinds of diseases that medical science is yet to unravel.有许多种疾病医学尚无办法解决。

小测验：从今天所学中选出最适当的一个单词填入空格中：
1. It takes many years to _____ the terrible memories of war.
2. He is engaged in the _____ job of correcting hundreds of themes a week.
3. The careless boy made so many mistake making his model airplane that he completely _____ the job.
4. She _____ the meat over a high flame.
5. The candidate _____ about the room like a latter-day Napoleon.

答案：1.efface 2.onerous 3.botched 4.signed 5.strutted

Part 5

★bellow v.大声呼叫;怒吼[同]shout

MEANING:shout loundly with anger,or with pain;roar
TYPICAL USE:He bellow in pain when the hammer came down on his finger.当铁锤砸到手指时，他痛得大叫。

★cloak n.1.宽大有袖或无袖的外衣[同]mantle 2.掩饰；隐匿

MEANING:1.a loose outer garment with or without sleeves 2.something which covers,hides or keep secret
TYPICAL USE:1.The horseback rider drew his cloak tightly around him in the rain.在雨中，马背上的骑士把外衣拉紧。2.His friendly behavior was a cloak for his evil intention.他友善的行为掩饰他的恶意。

★devout adj.虔诚的[同]pious

MEANING:paying attention to religious duties;devoted to religion
TYPICAL USE:The ministry was a very devout man and devoted his whole life to Christian mission work.那位牧师是位虔城的教徒，把他的一生献于基督教传教工作。

★guise n.装束；外貌[同]appearance

MEANING:style of dress;outward appearance
TYPICAL USE:A man appeared at the castle gate in the guise of a woodcuter.有一个人以櫵夫的装束出现在城堡的入门口。

★latent adj.隐藏的，不易被察觉的[同]concealed

MEANING:present but not active;hidden;covert
TYPICAL USE:The power of a grain of the wheat to grow into a plant remains latent if it is not planted.如果不种植的话，一棵麦子长成一株植物的力量仍然潜在着。

★pawn v.典当；抵押[同]gage

MEANING:leave something with another person as security for borrowed money that will be repaid;pledge
TYPICAL USE:He pawned his watch to buy food until he could get a job.他把表当了去买食物，直到他有工作再赎回来。

★quake v.震动；战栗[同]shudder

MEANING:shake or tremble;violate
TYPICAL USE:When the cannon was fired,the earth quaked under his feet.当开炮时，地在他脚下震动。

★sequel n.继续；结果[同]result

MEANING:that which follows;continuation
TYPICAL USE:Famine has often been the sequel of war.饥饿常是战争的结果。

★salvage n.对海上遇险的船舶、船员及货物的救护[同]rescue

MEANING:the act of saving a ship or its cargo from wreck or capture
TYPICAL USE:After the ship sank,salvage of its cargo was impossible.船沉了之后，货物是不可能被救起来的。

★virtual adj.实质上的；事实上的[同]actual

MEANING:being something in effect though not in name;real
TYPICAL USE:The battle was won with so great a loss of soldiers that it was a virtual defeat.该仗的获胜损失兵员甚多，故实际等于是一次败仗。

★wizard n.男巫[同]magician

MEANING:a man supposed to have magical power;enchanter
TYPICAL USE:He does things that are marvellous or apparently impossible;he is a wizard.他能做奇异的或显然不可能的事，他真是个巫师。

小测验：从今天所学中选出最适当的一个单词填入空格中：
1. One of the important aims of education is to develop students' _____ abilities to the utmost extent.
2. His television set was _____ to pay his room rent.
3. He _____ with pain when the tooth was pulled out.
4. She referred to the expected decease of her mother,and the gloomy _____ funeral rites.
5. There is nothing new here;just the same old ideas in a different _____ .

答案：1.latent 2.pawned 3.bellowed 4.sequel 5.guise