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Snoop 的使用
Snoop 是Solaris 系统中自带的工具， 是一个用于显示网络通讯的程序， 它 可捕获IP 包并将其显示或保存到指定文件. (限超级用户使用snoop) Snoop 可将捕获的包以一行的形式加以总结或用多行加以详细的描述(有 调用不同的参数–v -V来实现). 在总结方式下(-V ) , 将仅显示最高层的相关协 议, 例如一个NFS 包将仅显示NFS 信息, 其低层的RPC, UDP, IP, Ethernet 帧信息将不会显示, 但是当加上相应的参数(-v ), 这些信息都能被显示出来. 参数简介： [ -a ] # Listen to packets on audio [ -d device ] # settable to le?, ie?, bf?, tr? [ -s snaplen ] # Truncate packets [ -c count ] # Quit after count packets [ -P ] # Turn OFF promiscuous mode [ -D ] # Report dropped packets [ -S ] # Report packet size [ -i file ] # Read previously captured packets [ -o file ] # Capture packets in file [ -n file ] # Load addr-to-name table from file [ -N ] # Create addr-to-name table [ -t r|a|d ] # Time: Relative, Absolute or Delta [ -v ] # Verbose packet display [ -V ] # Show all summary lines [ -p first[,last] ] # Select packet(s) to display [ -x offset[,length] ] # Hex dump from offset for length [ -C ] # Print packet filter code 由于snoop 的使用非常灵活, 希望能通过下面一些例子的学习来其常见用法. 1. 监听所有以本机为源和目的的包并将其显示出来. # snoop 2. 监听所有以主机A为源和目的的包并将其显示出来. ( A为主机名, 下同) - 2 - # snoop A 3. 监听所有A和B之间的包并将其保存到文件file. # snoop -o file A B 4. 显示文件file 中指定的包(99-10  # snoop - i file -p 99,108 99 0.0027 boutique ->; sunroof NFS C GETATTR FH=8E6C 100 0.0046 sunroof ->; boutique NFS R GETATTR OK 101 0.0080 boutique ->; sunroof NFS C RENAME FH=8E6C MTra00192 to .nfs08 102 0.0102 marmot ->; viper NFS C LOOKUP FH=561E screen.r.13.i386 103 0.0072 viper ->; marmot NFS R LOOKUP No such file or directory 104 0.0085 bugbomb ->; sunroof RLOGIN C PORT=1023 h 105 0.0005 kandinsky ->; sparky RSTAT C Get Statistics 106 0.0004 beeblebrox ->; sunroof NFS C GETATTR FH=0307 107 0.0021 sparky ->; kandinsky RSTAT R 108 0.0073 office ->; jeremiah NFS C READ FH=2584 at 40960 for 8192 5. 详细查看文件file 中第101 个包: # snoop - i file - v -p101 ETHER: ----- Ether Header ----- ETHER: ETHER: Packet 101 arrived at 16:09:53.59 ETHER: Packet size = 210 bytes ETHER: Destination = 8:0:20:1:3d:94, Sun ETHER: Source = 8:0:69:1:5f:e, Silicon Graphics ETHER: Ethertype = 0800 (IP) ETHER: IP: ----- IP Header ----- IP: IP: Version = 4, header length = 20 bytes IP: Type of service = 00 IP: ..0. .... = routine IP: ...0 .... = normal delay IP: .... 0... = normal throughput IP: .... .0.. = normal reliability IP: Total length = 196 bytes IP: Identification 19846 IP: Flags = 0X IP: .0.. .... = may fragment IP: ..0. .... = more fragments ? - 3 - ? 6. 查看主机A和主机B之间的NFS 包(命令中的and 和or 为相应的逻辑运 算) # snoop - i file rpc nfs and A and B 1 0.0000 A ->; B NFS C GETATTR FH=8E6C 2 0.0046 B ->; A NFS R GETATTR OK 3 0.0080 A ->; B NFS C RENAME FH=8E6C MTra00192 to .nfs08 7. 将这些符合条件的包保存到另一文件file2 中: # snoop - i file -o file2 rpc nfs A B 8. 监听主机A和主机B间所有TCP 80 端口或UDP80端口的包 # snoop A and B and (tcp or udp) and port 80 9. 监听所有的广播包 # snoop broadcast Using device /dev/hme (promiscuous mode) 10.10.10.50 ->; BROADCAST UDP D=177 S=2541 LEN=35 10.10.10.50 ->; BROADCAST UDP D=177 S=2541 LEN=35 10.10.10.50 ->; BROADCAST UDP D=177 S=2541 LEN=35 10. 监听所有的多播包, 并显示详细内容. #snoop –v multicast ETHER: ----- Ether Header ----- ETHER: ETHER: Packet 1 arrived at 12:33:2.16 ETHER: Packet size = 69 bytes ETHER: Destination = ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff, (broadcast) ETHER: Source = 0:4:76:46:8f:50, ETHER: Ethertype = 0800 (IP) ETHER: IP: ----- IP Header ----- IP: IP: Version = 4 IP: Header length = 20 bytes IP: Type of service = 0x00 IP: xxx. .... = 0 (precedence) IP: ...0 .... = normal delay - 4 - IP: .... 0... = normal throughput IP: .... .0.. = normal reliability IP: Total length = 55 bytes IP: Identification = 14658 IP: Flags = 0x0 IP: .0.. .... = may fragment IP: ..0. .... = last fragment IP: Fragment offset = 0 bytes IP: Time to live = 128 seconds/hops IP: Protocol = 17 (UDP) IP: Header checksum = ed38 IP: Source address = 10.10.10.50, 10.10.10.50 IP: Destination address = 255.255.255.255, BROADCAST IP: No options IP: UDP: ----- UDP Header ----- UDP: UDP: Source port = 2541 UDP: Destination port = 177 UDP: Length = 35 UDP: Checksum = 8E35 UDP: ETHER: ----- Ether Header ----- ETHER: ETHER: Packet 2 arrived at 12:33:12.16 ETHER: Packet size = 69 bytes ETHER: Destination = ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff, (broadcast) ETHER: Source = 0:4:76:46:8f:50, ETHER: Ethertype = 0800 (IP) ETHER: IP: ----- IP Header ----- IP: IP: Version = 4 IP: Header length = 20 bytes IP: Type of service = 0x00 IP: xxx. .... = 0 (precedence) IP: ...0 .... = normal delay IP: .... 0... = normal throughput IP: .... .0.. = normal reliability IP: Total length = 55 bytes IP: Identification = 14985 IP: Flags = 0x0 IP: .0.. .... = may fragment IP: ..0. .... = last fragment IP: Fragment offset = 0 bytes IP: Time to live = 128 seconds/hops IP: Protocol = 17 (UDP) IP: Header checksum = ebf1 IP: Source address = 10.10.10.50, 10.10.10.50 - 5 - IP: Destination address = 255.255.255.255, BROADCAST IP: No options IP: UDP: ----- UDP Header ----- UDP: UDP: Source port = 2541 UDP: Destination port = 177 UDP: Length = 35 UDP: Checksum = 8E35 UDP: 11．监听所有的NTP 协议包 # snoop |grep – i NTP Using device /dev/hme (promiscuous mode) ts1 ->; 224.0.1.1 NTP broadcast (Tue Jul 23 12:48:50 2002) ts1 ->; 224.0.1.1 NTP broadcast (Tue Jul 23 12:49:54 2002) ts1 ->; 224.0.1.1 NTP broadcast (Tue Jul 23 12:50:58 2002) ts1 ->; 224.0.1.1 NTP broadcast (Tue Jul 23 12:52:02 2002) ts1 ->; 224.0.1.1 NTP broadcast (Tue Jul 23 12:53:06 2002) ts1 ->; 224.0.1.1 NTP broadcast (Tue Jul 23 12:54:10 2002) 这里我们也可看到NTP server 每隔约一分钟即向多播地址广播一次. |
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