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nginx perl fastcgi (2009-07-29 10:25)

分类： WWW

首先：有三种方式（三个不同的脚本）搭建fastcgi环境，第二种，在运行时，nginx的error里会报错，但是不影响使用FastCGI sent in stderr: "Bad file descriptor at /EBS/fcgi.pl line 125",第二种脚本的优点是可以起多个进程（process），第三个脚本的优点是配置简单，缺点是没有记录fastcgi的相关日志，包括错误信息等。

方法一

参考：http://www.nginx.eu/nginx-fcgi.html

1、安装FCGI模块：

到http://search.cpan.org/网站上下载FCGI模块：

wget http://search.cpan.org/CPAN/authors/id/S/SK/SKIMO/FCGI-0.67.tar.gz

tar -zxvf FCGI-0.67.tar.gz.

cd FCGI-0.67

perl Makefile.PL

make

make install

2、安装 IO 和 IO::ALL模块

下载：

wget http://search.cpan.org/CPAN/authors/id/G/GB/GBARR/IO-1.25.tar.gz

http://search.cpan.org/CPAN/authors/id/I/IN/INGY/IO-All-0.39.tar.gz

安装：

tar -xvzf IO-1.25.tar.gz

cd IO-1.25

perl Makefile.PL

make

make install

tar -xvzf IO-All-0.39.tar.gz

cd IO-ALL-0.39

perl Makefile.PL

make

make install

3、如果需要，安装perl-Getopt和 perl-Socket

4、perl cgi脚本

文件: nginx-fcgi.rar

大小: 2KB

下载: 下载

或从下面的地址下载

http://www.nginx.eu/nginx-fcgi/nginx-fcgi.txt

5、启动cgi脚本（nobody为nginx的运行用户）

vi start_perl_cgi.sh

#!/bin/bash

#set -x

if [[ $# != 1 ]];then

echo "usage $0 start|stop|restart"

exit 1

dir=/usr/local/nginx

stop ()

{

#pkill -f $dir/perl-fcgi.pl

kill $(cat $dir/logs/perl-fcgi.pid)

rm $dir/logs/perl-fcgi.pid 2>/dev/null

rm $dir/logs/perl-fcgi.sock 2>/dev/null

echo "stop perl-fcgi done"

}

start ()

{

rm $dir/now_start_perl_fcgi.sh 2>/dev/null

chown nobody.root $dir/logs

echo "$dir/perl-fcgi.pl -l $dir/logs/perl-fcgi.log -pid $dir/logs/perl-fcgi.pid -S $dir/logs/perl-fcgi.sock" >>$dir/now_start_perl_fcgi.sh

chown nobody.nobody $dir/now_start_perl_fcgi.sh

chmod u+x $dir/now_start_perl_fcgi.sh

sudo -u nobody $dir/now_start_perl_fcgi.sh

echo "start perl-fcgi done"

}

case $1 in

stop)

stop

;;

start)

start

;;

restart)

stop

start

;;

esac

启动

./start_perl_cgi.sh start

6、为Nginx添加FCGI支持(以安装nagios为例）

location ~* .*\.cgi$

{

rewrite ^/nagios/cgi-bin/(.*)\.cgi /$1.cgi break;

include perl_fcgi.conf;

}

重写请求cgi的url为cgi的文件名，组成下面的CRIPT_FILENAMEvi perl_fcgi.conf

gzip off; #gzip makes scripts feel slower since they have to complete before getting gzipped
fastcgi_pass unix:/usr/local/nginx/logs/perl-fcgi.sock;
fastcgi_index index.cgi;

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nagios/sbin$fastcgi_script_name;

fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;
fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name

其中：$fastcgi_script_name就是访问的URL中的URI

测试页

#!/usr/bin/perl -w
print "Content-type: text/plain\r\n\r\n";#发送头信息
print "test";

记得一定要给nginx发送头信息不然会报504错误的。

另：

cgi-bin存在于html目录下时（不是为了部署nagios）

nginx.conf更改下面的部分:

location ~* .*\.cgi$
                {
                        include perl_fcgi.conf;
                }

perl_fcgi.conf更改下面的部分:

gzip off; #gzip makes scripts feel slower since they have to complete before getting gzipped
fastcgi_pass unix:/usr/local/nginx/logs/perl-fcgi.sock;
fastcgi_index index.cgi;

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;

方法二

1、安装FCGI模块：

到http://search.cpan.org/网站上下载FCGI模块：

wget http://search.cpan.org/CPAN/authors/id/S/SK/SKIMO/FCGI-0.67.tar.gz

tar -zxvf FCGI-0.67.tar.gz.

cd FCGI-0.67

perl Makefile.PL

make

make install

也可以这样安装：perl -MCPAN -e 'install FCGI'

（我在使用这种方法时，没有找到FCGI模块）

2、安装FCGI-ProcManager模块：

wget http://search.cpan.org/CPAN/authors/id/G/GB/GBJK/FCGI-ProcManager-0.19.tar.gz

tar -xvzf FCGI-ProcManager-0.19.tar.gz

perl Makefile.PL

make

make install

3、Fastcgi 启动脚本

fcgi.pl

#!/usr/bin/perl -w
use FCGI;
use Socket;
use FCGI::ProcManager;
sub shutdown { FCGI::CloseSocket($socket); exit; }
sub restart { FCGI::CloseSocket($socket); &main; }
use sigtrap 'handler', \&shutdown, 'normal-signals';
use sigtrap 'handler', \&restart, 'HUP';
require 'syscall.ph';
use POSIX qw(setsid);
#&daemonize; we don't daemonize when running under runsv
#this keeps the program alive or something after exec'ing perl scripts
END() { }
BEGIN() { }
{
no warnings;
*CORE::GLOBAL::exit = sub { die "fakeexit\nrc=" . shift() . "\n"; };
};
eval q{exit};
if ($@) {
exit unless $@ =~ /^fakeexit/;
}
&main;
sub daemonize() {
chdir '/' or die "Can't chdir to /: $!";
defined( my $pid = fork ) or die "Can't fork: $!";
exit if $pid;
setsid() or die "Can't start a new session: $!";
umask 0;
}
sub main {
#如果使用 IP sockets
#$socket = FCGI::OpenSocket( "127.0.0.1:8999", 10 );
#如果使用 UNIX sockets
#$socket = FCGI::OpenSocket( "/var/run/perl_cgi-dispatch.sock", 10 );
#foreach $item (keys %ENV) { delete $ENV{$item}; }
#设置fastcgi进程数，默认四个
my $n_processes = $ENV{FCGI_NPROCESSES} || 4;
$proc_manager = FCGI::ProcManager->new( {n_processes => $n_processes} );
#使用unix socket
$socket = FCGI::OpenSocket( "$ENV{FCGI_SOCKET_PATH}", 10 );
#设置Socket权限
chmod 0777, $ENV{FCGI_SOCKET_PATH};
; #use UNIX sockets - user running this script must have w access to the 'nginx' folder!!
$request =
FCGI::Request( \*STDIN, \*STDOUT, \*STDERR, \%req_params, $socket,
&FCGI::FAIL_ACCEPT_ON_INTR );
$proc_manager->pm_manage();
if ($request) { request_loop() }
FCGI::CloseSocket($socket);
}
sub request_loop {
while ( $request->Accept() >= 0 ) {
$proc_manager->pm_pre_dispatch();
#processing any STDIN input from WebServer (for CGI-POST actions)
$stdin_passthrough = '';
{ no warnings; $req_len = 0 + $req_params{'CONTENT_LENGTH'}; };
if ( ( $req_params{'REQUEST_METHOD'} eq 'POST' ) && ( $req_len != 0 ) )
{
my $bytes_read = 0;
while ( $bytes_read < $req_len ) {
my $data = '';
my $bytes = read( STDIN, $data, ( $req_len - $bytes_read ) );
last if ( $bytes == 0 || !defined($bytes) );
$stdin_passthrough .= $data;
$bytes_read += $bytes;
}
}
#running the cgi app
if (
( -x $req_params{SCRIPT_FILENAME} ) && #can I execute this?
( -s $req_params{SCRIPT_FILENAME} ) && #Is this file empty?
( -r $req_params{SCRIPT_FILENAME} ) #can I read this file?
)
{
pipe( CHILD_RD, PARENT_WR );
pipe( PARENT_ERR, CHILD_ERR );
my $pid = open( CHILD_O, "-|" );
unless ( defined($pid) ) {
print("Content-type: text/plain\r\n\r\n");
print
"Error: CGI app returned no output - Executing $req_params{SCRIPT_FILENAME} failed !\n";
next;
}
$oldfh = select(PARENT_ERR);
$| = 1;
select(CHILD_O);
$| = 1;
select($oldfh);
if ( $pid > 0 ) {
close(CHILD_RD);
close(CHILD_ERR);
print PARENT_WR $stdin_passthrough;
close(PARENT_WR);
$rin = $rout = $ein = $eout = '';
vec( $rin, fileno(CHILD_O), 1 ) = 1;
vec( $rin, fileno(PARENT_ERR), 1 ) = 1;
$ein = $rin;
$nfound = 0;
while ( $nfound =
select( $rout = $rin, undef, $ein = $eout, 10 ) )
{
die "$!" unless $nfound != -1;
$r1 = vec( $rout, fileno(PARENT_ERR), 1 ) == 1;
$r2 = vec( $rout, fileno(CHILD_O), 1 ) == 1;
$e1 = vec( $eout, fileno(PARENT_ERR), 1 ) == 1;
$e2 = vec( $eout, fileno(CHILD_O), 1 ) == 1;
if ($r1) {
while ( $bytes = read( PARENT_ERR, $errbytes, 4096 ) ) {
print STDERR $errbytes;
}
if ($!) {
$err = $!;
die $!;
vec( $rin, fileno(PARENT_ERR), 1 ) = 0
unless ( $err == EINTR or $err == EAGAIN );
}
}
if ($r2) {
while ( $bytes = read( CHILD_O, $s, 4096 ) ) {
print $s;
}
if ( !defined($bytes) ) {
$err = $!;
die $!;
vec( $rin, fileno(CHILD_O), 1 ) = 0
unless ( $err == EINTR or $err == EAGAIN );
}
}
last if ( $e1 || $e2 );
}
close CHILD_RD;
close PARENT_ERR;
waitpid( $pid, 0 );
} else {
foreach $key ( keys %req_params ) {
$ENV{$key} = $req_params{$key};
}
# cd to the script's local directory
if ( $req_params{SCRIPT_FILENAME} =~ /^(.*)\/[^\/]+$/ ) {
chdir $1;
}
close(PARENT_WR);
#close(PARENT_ERR);
close(STDIN);
close(STDERR);
#fcntl(CHILD_RD, F_DUPFD, 0);
syscall( &SYS_dup2, fileno(CHILD_RD), 0 );
syscall( &SYS_dup2, fileno(CHILD_ERR), 2 );
#open(STDIN, "<&CHILD_RD");
exec( $req_params{SCRIPT_FILENAME} );
die("exec failed");
}
} else {
print("Content-type: text/plain\r\n\r\n");
print
"Error: No such CGI app - $req_params{SCRIPT_FILENAME} may not exist or is not executable by this process.\n";
}
}
}

使用下面的脚本启动

vi start_fcgi.sh

export FCGI_SOCKET_PATH="/tmp/perl_fcgi.socket"
export FCGI_NPROCESSES=4
./fcgi.pl &

4、为Nginx添加FCGI支持(以安装nagios为例）

location ~* .*\.cgi$
                {
                      rewrite ^/nagios/cgi-bin/(.*)\.cgi /$1.cgi break;
                        include perl_fcgi.conf;
                }

将请求cgi的url由/nagios/cgi-bin/*.cgi 重写为/*.cgi，这样，即下面的fastcgi_param中的$fastcgi_script_name，这样，可以正确的拼出cgi文件的路径。vi perl_fcgi.conf

gzip off; #gzip makes scripts feel slower since they have to complete before getting gzipped
fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/perl_fcgi.socket;
fastcgi_index index.cgi;

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nagios/sbin$fastcgi_script_name;

方法三

fastcgi-wrapper.pl脚本

下载地址：http://technotes.1000lines.net/fastcgi-wrapper.pl

或从下面下载，记得修改扩展名。

fastcgi-wrapper.txt

添加可执行权限，启动：

sudo -u nobody ./fastcgi-wrapper.pl

关于：bind/listen: Permission denied

检查sock文件所在目录对于nobody是否有写的权限

添加nginx配置：

location ~ \.cgi$ {
fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/nginx/perl_cgi-dispatch.sock;
fastcgi_index index.cgi;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}

测试页面：

#!/usr/bin/perl -w
print "Content-type: text/plain\r\n\r\n";#发送头信息
print "test";

记得一定要给nginx发送头信息不然会报504错误的。

我的更多文章

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[发评论] 评论重要提示：警惕虚假中奖信息!

chinaunix网友 2010-12-24 18:21

这个必须的给个好评

chinaunix网友 2009-09-11 11:31

非常感谢您,您很热心,monitorix也是属第三方系统监控软件,http://www.monitorix.org/,不是nginx配置文件定义的那个, 我之前按照二种方法,配置正常,但这次采用第一种方法提示找不到 now_start_perl_fcgi.sh文件,是不是跟perl-Getopt和 perl-Socket有关, 还是由脚本创建的,谢谢.我的QQ是7748341方便加我吗?

chinaunix网友 2009-09-11 09:26

谢谢,呵,按照您的方法可以实现,但有一点我还是不明白, monitorix性能监视安装包里,对于在nginx下实现有说明, 1) Edit the monitorix.conf file to enable the 'nginx' monitorization and put the correct network port where Nginx is listening on: our $ENABLE_NGINX = "Y"; our $NGINX_PORT = "80"; 2) Make sure 'ngnix' is compiled with the flag: --with-http_stub_status_module 3) Edit the nginx.conf file and add or uncomment in the server section the following: location /nginx_status { stub_status on; access_log off; allow 127.0.0.1; deny all; } 4) Restart Nginx and Monitorix. 是不是一定要额外安装nginx perl fastcgi 才行?谢谢.

chinaunix网友 2009-08-26 10:04

找了好多了,都是不全的,感觉这个很不错,但愿可以,万分感谢.

locale 2009-08-12 11:59

做个链接吧

locale 2009-08-11 18:38

晕了，虽然按照第一种方法配置出来了，但还是没明白是怎么回事，请多指教，随便转载了一下，方便学习，http://www.hardwork.cn,还是要感谢一下。

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